Analogies — Cause, Source & Worker

Beyond synonyms and types, these three "real-world" bridges appear again and again. Learn their phrasings so you spot them instantly.

Cause and effect

One word produces the other.

• FIRE : SMOKE $\to$ "Fire causes smoke."
• RAIN : FLOOD $\to$ "Heavy rain causes a flood."
• VIRUS : ILLNESS $\to$ "A virus causes illness."

Source / raw material $\to$ product

One word is the material the other is made from.

• GRAPE : WINE $\to$ "Wine is made from grapes."
• TREE : PAPER $\to$ "Paper is made from a tree."
• MILK : CHEESE $\to$ "Cheese is made from milk."

Worker $\to$ tool or product

A person and what they use or what they make.

• PAINTER : BRUSH $\to$ "A painter uses a brush." (worker : tool)
• BAKER : BREAD $\to$ "A baker makes bread." (worker : product)
• AUTHOR : NOVEL $\to$ "An author writes a novel." (worker : product)

These three blur easily. Decide the exact verb — causes, is made from, uses, or makes — and keep the word order from the question.

Keep direction

CAUSE : EFFECT must stay cause-first. FIRE : SMOKE matches VIRUS : ILLNESS, not ILLNESS : VIRUS (which is effect : cause, the reverse).